ISO 15818 pdf download – Earth-moving machinery — Liftingand tying-down attachment points —Performance requirements

ISO 15818 pdf download – Earth-moving machinery — Liftingand tying-down attachment points —Performance requirements.
3.9
distributed lifting force
force applied onto each lifting attachment point (11) from lifting equipment through lifting accessories (3.2) during lilting
Note 1 to entry: The distributed lifting force magnitude and direction can be dilicrent for each lifting attachment point due to unequal distribution of loads and non-vertkal lifting accessories.
3.10
distributed tylng•down force restraining force
force potentially applied onto each tying-down at tachment point (3.3) from transport vehicle through tying-down accessories (14) during transport
3.11
working load limit
WLL
maximum load (mass) that the lifting accessory (12) Is designed to lilt under the conditions specified by the manufacturer
3.12
lashing capacity
LC
maximum allowable direct force that a tying-down accessory (14) can sustain in use
3.13
transport vehicle
vehicle to which the earth-moving machine is tied down for transportation purposes
3.14
proof force
calculated force including proof factor for distributed lifting force (3.9) or distributed tying-down force (110)
3.15
breaking force
calculated force including safety factor for distributed lifting force (3.9) or distributed lying-down force (110)
3.16
number of effective tying-down attachment points
number of tying-down attachment points (3.3) used simultaneously in the same direction of force
3.17
number of effective lifting attachment points
number of hfting attachment points (11) used simultaneously
3.18
lashing
restraining (as cargo) of earth-moving machine movement in relation to the transport vehicle (113)
against forces applied on the machine during transport by means of the appropriate use oltying-down
accessories (3.4)
3.19
resultant force Fits. Fit
force acting on the tying-down attachment point (3.3) due to the direction of force relative to the transport vehicle (3.13) actuated on the load in either the x- ory- direction during transport
4 Lifting attachment points
4.1 Location and number
Sufficient number of lifting attachment points shall be placed so that the lifting force derived from the machine mass Is relatively well distributed arid balanced during lifting with a lifting accessory or accessories.
Where th!re is no appropriate central lifting attachment point (see Figure 8.2). lifting attachment points shall be spaced the maximum practical distance for appropriate stability and balance.
A lifting attachment point or points should be designed to hold the terminal fittings of the lifting accessories in the foreseen position to avoid slipping.
4.2 Strength
Dependent on transport procedure, the lifting attachment points shall fullil the strength requirements to lift the whole machine or to lift the disassembled unit, Table 1 shall be used to define strength requirements for symmetric loadings.
Alternatively, taking uneven loadings into account, the strength requirement for each lifting attachment point shall be calculated individually using the mass of each disa.sembled unit or (jiLl) the whole machine mass for calculation (1iL2) and the location of the lifting points relative to the centre of the mass. A proof factor of 1,5 for the proof force and a safety factor of 4 for the breaking force shall be used in the calculations.
The strength of each lifting point shall be verified according to Clause 9.
Open-end lIfting attachment points, such as hooks, shall have a safety latch or other device to prevent unintended disengagement of the mating lifting accessory.
A sufficient number oltying-down attachment points shall be provided to allow acceptable distributed tying-down forces for tying-down accessories.
If a tying-down paint is used in the calculation of n in both the longitudinal and lateral directions, it shall have the required strength for both longitudinal and transverse loads. However, the tying-down point does not need to meet the requirement In both directions simultaneously.
5.2 AcceleratIon coefficient
The acceleration coefficients for the specific type of transportation (road, rail and sea) are defined In Tables 2, 3 and 4-These coefficients specify the maximum forces on a machine for calculating strength requirements as specified in 5.
NOTE Tables 2.3 and 4 values are taken from Reference.