ASME B30.28 pdf download

ASME B30.28 pdf download.Balance Lifting Units.
Volume B3028 includes provisions that apply to the marking, construction, installation, inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation of balance lifting units (balancers). Balancers are distinguished by their ability to float the load. This Volume applies to balancers with fixed arm support (Fig. 28-0.1-1) and halancers with overhead flexible lifting medium (Fig. 28-0.1-2). This Volume does not apply to balancers with autonomous operation or balancers used for lifting personnel, as these units require additional considerations, provisions, and features that are not included in this Volume.
(15) SECTiON 28-0.2: DEFINITIONS
abiwrmal opcratinç conditions: environmental conditions that are unfavorable, harmful, or detrimental to or for the operation of balancers, such as excessively high or low ambient temperatures. exposure to adverse weather, corrosive fumes, dust-laden or moisture-laden atmospheres, and hazardous locations.
balancer: a balance lifting unit capable of moving loads within the rated capacity and with the capability to float the load.
balancer service, hrwy: service that involves operation within the rated load limit, which exceeds normal service
balancer service, normal: service that involves operation with loads at or less than 65% of rated load for not more than 50% of the time.
balancer service, severe: service that involves normal or heavy service with abnormal operating conditions.
balancer, standby: balancers that are not in regular service but are used occasionally or intermittently, as required,
clearance: the distance from any part of the balancer to the nearest obstruction.
end effector: a feature, device, method, or components for connecting the load to a balancer. Also may be referred to as “receiver” or “below the hook lifting devices” (see ASME B30.20).
(2) This inspection shall cover the entire length of rope. The individual outer wires in the strands of the rope shall be visible to this person during the inspection. Any deterioration resulting in appreciable loss of original strength, such as described below, shall be noted, and determination shall be made as to whether further use of the rope would constitute a hazard,
(-a) points listed in para. 28-2.1.5.1(b)
(-b) reduction of rope diameter below nominal diameter due to lo&s of core support, internal or external corrosion, or wear of outside wires
(-c) severely corroded or broken wires at end connections
(-d) severely corroded, cracked, bent, worn, or improperly applied end connections
(3) Special care should be taken when inspecting sections of rapid deterioration, such as the following:
(-a) sections in contact with saddles, equalizer sheaves, or other sheaves when rope travel is limited
(-b) sections of the rope at or near terminal ends whew corroded or broken wires may protrude
(-c) sections subject to reverse bends
(-d) sections of rope that are normally hidden during visual inspection, such as parts passing over sheaves
28-2.1.5.2 Rope Replacement
(a) No precise rules can be given for determination of the exact time for rope replacement, since many variable factors are involved. Once a rope reaches any one of the specified removal criteria, it may be allowed to operate to the end of the work shift, based on the judgment of a qualified person. The rope shall be replaced prior to the equipment being used by the next work shift.
(b) Removal criteria for the rope replacement shall be as follows:
(1) in running ropes, 12 randomly distributed broken wires in six rope diameters or 4 broken wires in one strand in six rope diameters, except as noted in para. 28-2.1 .5.2(b)(2)
(2) in rotation-resistant ropes, two randomly distributed broken wires in 6 rope diameters or four randomly distributed broken wires in 34) rope diameters
(3) one outer wire broken at the contact point with the core of the rope, which has worked its way out of the rope structure and protrudes or loops out from the rope structure
(4) kinking, crushing, bird caging, or any other damage resulting in distortion of the rope structure
(5) evidence of heat damage from any cause
(6) reductions from nominal diameter greater than 5% of the original manufacturer’s installed nominal cable diameter
(c) Broken-wire removal criteria, in this Volume, apply to wire ropes operating on drums regardless of sheave material. The user shall contact the balancer manufacturer or qualified person for additional broken-wire.